Definition of Qualitative Analysis in Chemistry

Definition of Qualitative Analysis in Chemistry In chemistry, qualitative analysis is the determination of the chemical composition of  a sample. It encompasses a set of analytical chemistry techniques that provide nonnumerical information about a specimen. Qualitative analysis can tell you whether an atom, ion, functional group, or compound is present or absent in a sample, but it doesnt provide information about its quantity (how much). Quantification of a sample, in contrast, is called quantitative analysis. Techniques and Tests Qualitative analysis involves chemical tests, such as the Kastle-Meyer test for blood or the iodine test for starch. Another common qualitative test, used in inorganic chemical analysis, is the flame test. Qualitative analysis typically measures changes in color, melting point, odor, reactivity, radioactivity, boiling point, bubble production, and precipitation. Methods include distillation, extraction, precipitation, chromatography, and spectroscopy. Branches of Qualitative Analysis The two main branches of qualitative analysis are organic qualitative analysis (such as the iodine test) and inorganic qualitative analysis (such as the flame test). Inorganic analysis looks at the elemental and ionic composition of a sample, usually by examination of ions in aqueous solution. Organic analysis tends to look at types of molecules, functional groups, and chemical bonds.Example: She used qualitative analysis to find that the solution contained Cu2 and Cl-  ions.

11th Grade Science Fair Projects

11th Grade Science Fair Projects 11th-grade science fair projects can be advanced. 11th graders can identify and conduct a project on their own. 11th-grade students can use the scientific method to make predictions about the world around them and to construct experiments to test their predictions. 11th Grade Science Fair Project Ideas Which fruits contain the most vitamin C?Can you find a plant which repels cockroaches? (or flies or ants)What percentage of home trash can be recycled or reused? How can people change shopping patterns to reduce waste? See if you can give numerical values in terms of weight of garbage produced. Is there a difference in cost, shopping to reduce waste as opposed to normal purchasing?Test products for impurities. For example, you could test toys for cadmium or water for lead.Can people tell the difference between a natural tan and one produced by a chemical product?Which brand of disposable contact lenses last the longest before a person decides to switch them out?Where in the house can you find the most bacteria?Is there a relationship between birth rate and season/temperature/moon phase?Which fruit contains the most sugar?Does sound affect plant growth?What materials are effective at blocking sound waves? Wi-fi signals? radio waves?Does ethylene cause fir trees (used for Christmas tre es) to drop their needles? If so, can you use an ethylene-trapping bag to prevent needle loss? At what angle can you launch a rocket that travels the furthest? a paper airplane?Does cigarette smoke affect plant growth? If there is an impact, does e-cigarette vapor have the same effect?Can personality type be predicted by music preference? What personality traits can you measure?What material is most effective at reducing attraction between two magnets?How can petroleum be dispersed in seawater? How can it be broken down chemically?How close can certain crops be planted together without the plants experiencing crowding?Under what conditions of crowding will cockroaches exhibit aggression?What are good designs to maximize heating efficiency of a solar home? Tips for a Successful Science Fair Project High school projects dont have to take longer than ones you might do in grade school or middle school, but youll be expected to use the scientific method.Demonstrations and models probably wont be successful unless they are simulations of complex behavior.A junior in high school should be capable of handling the design, implementation, and reporting for a science fair project. Its fine to ask for help with brainstorming, setting up an experiment, and preparing a report, but most of the work should be done by the student.You may work together with an organization or business for your project, which demonstrates organizational skills.The best science projects at this level answer a question or solve a problem that affects the student or society.

Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business in United Kingdom Essay

Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business in United Kingdom - Essay Example An offer is an expression of willingness to have a contract under specified sets of terms and conditions. This is made by an offeror and the focus here is that in case the offer is accepted, then the offeror is bound by the contract. In other words, an offer matches an individual’s manifestation about his or her intent to get into a binding contract with somebody else. Acceptance on the other hand refers to an expression of agreement which is unconditional and absolute. This is in regards to all terms formulated in a given offer. In this case, it refers to an assent by an offeree who is responsible for offering a legal contract (Berle 435). It can either be in writing or oral though it has to reflect on the original offer agreed upon. Capacity entails the capability of an individual to get into a legal agreement considering the fact that other people such as the insane, the drunkards and infants may not be able to enter an agreement. Intention is another element of a valid con tract and it simply entails intimating to get into an agreement. These elements play important roles as far as contracts are concerned. One of the importance of the elements is that they help in protecting an individual from potential problems for instance from overcharging or from losing deposit (Mitchell). They also ensure that one has a guarantee for complete and quality work. They also help in clarifying expectations of different parties involved into a contract as well as in knowing how possible conflicts can be resolved. Apart from these, they are important in that they enable parties to safeguard their resources. Typesof Contract Contracts are in different categories and they all have their impacts and relevance in applications. Written contracts are usually written and sealed off in official documents. One of the impacts of a written contract is that they get into operation once they have been adopted and delivered between the concerned parties. Friedman (105) notes that the y also bind all the parties involved within their terms without considering whether the terms have been read or not. There are contracts which require written evidence. These contracts have their evidences taking effect upon agreement and they help in preventing perjury and frauds. There are also sealed contracts which are usually made by a party and delivered to another party after sealing them (Wedderburn 99). These types of contracts are important in that they check on misconceptions. Finally, there are simple contracts which can be oral, partly written, fully written, oral or even implied. Their impacts are usually dependent on what is being agreed upon. Terms in a Contract Conditions in contracts mean the operating regulations between the contracting parties. One party’s performance is conditioned based on terms being operated upon. This further implies that termination remedy is present with damages or if there are no serious effects from a breach (Drew and Skitmore 228 ).Warranties are terms which are less essential and are mostly implied as collateral with regards to the key purpose. With warranties, there are no rights to termination. However, damages reflecting on actual losses are pertinent. Innominate terms are those for which there are no advance prescriptions for remedies. There is termination if effects felt upon a breach are serious and capable of depriving innocent parties of contractual benefits. TASK 2 It is possible that you hold Direct Training to the price they stated on the website. However,

The difference Between U.S.A and Canada in Education and Culture Research Paper

The difference Between U.S.A and Canada in Education and Culture - Research Paper Example The education system is different from the British model. In an overall representation, the educational system of USA with respect to school and system of university binds the above characteristics (The American Education System). 2.2 Basic educational system The country’s education system is comprised of basic 12 years of education in the primary level and then in the high school level. High school level education is necessary for getting admission in the graduate colleges and universities or in some professional institutes and technical schools of the country (USA Education System). Foreigners receive immense opportunities to study in USA in the higher education. The criteria are simple and it does not also require 12 years of mandatory education from this country. Although this notion is not applied in a generalized manner and it has been found that different boards follow different norms. But despite that the facilities given by the American system is quite great and they can pursue their educational career in diverse fields of study (USA Education System). In USA specific fragmentation of educational system are primary schools to grade K-6, junior high school grades to grades of 7-9, senior high school which comprise of grade 10-12 (Education in the United States). 2.3 Schooling in USA Federal system of government predominate the United States of America. The country possesses local governance and it possesses no country level system of education and curriculum. The public schools in USA are not controlled by the federal government. Every state has their respective departments establishing various norms of the schools in those states. Every state allocates fund to the public schools. The public schools receive funding from the local property... This paper approves that the brief study of the paper gives a proper idea about the educational system of United States of America and Canada and also their cultural aspects. In both the nations education is valued at apex levels and it is regarded as a key driver for social development. In USA education is regulated by different states and in Canada, education is regulated by different provinces. In United States education is compulsory at the fundamental levels and is funded by the states while in Canada there is no such free provision. In USA, the constitution highlights mainly on the notion of liberty, life and pursuit of happiness. On the other hand, the Canadian constitution focuses primarily upon the notions of peace, order as well as good government. This paper makes a conclusion that the educational system of USA is more flexible than the Canadian educational system and offers a great variety of learning options, career opportunities and easy access. While on the other hand Canadian education provides a strict platform for the entry of the foreigners. Higher education is tougher in Canada as compared to USA as it has various strict yardstick of assessment. In the cultural forefront, Canada follows a particularist approach with a conservative and peace loving country keeping good relation with outsiders. The attributes of partnership is strong and they are found within their work culture. Regional culture is omnipotent in Canada. In USA, Universalist approach is followed and they overemphasize on the logical explanation and experimentation. In the work culture they follow an individualistic approach and hardly care about their colleagues.

Room layout Essay Example for Free

Room layout Essay The room in which the presentation will take place must be organised specifically for my presentation as there are various factors that need to be taken into consideration, these are as follows: * Movement If there are certain times in the presentation that I need to move into or around the room then the positioning of chairs and tables needs to be considered thoroughly. * Barriers to communication The way in which the room is set out will also determine how certain mechanical barriers to communication can be controlled. For example if the chairs are placed too far away from my speaking point and they cannot hear, then this is a mechanical barrier. * Space There are certain combinations of room layout that may not be feasible because of a lack in physical space. Layout design ? Layout design ? Layout design ? The chosen design; why have I decided to use it? The chosen design takes into consideration all the possible mechanical barriers to communication that could potentially arise from bad planning. Mechanical barriers are a vital element to be considered when making a presentation. The Chairs have been arranged so that all the guests can see and hear all the relevant information I need to give and my visual aids have been placed in a position so that it will not be blocked by anything. I have decided against the use of a table in front of me for notes and slides as it may hinder some of the movement in my presentation. Possible clothing I might wear. There are various clothing types I could choose for the presentation each one is considered below: Smart I could choose to wear a suit for the presentation, the argument for this style of clothing is that it could be classified as a formal occasion and a suit would be the appropriate choice. However this may be too formal and as the criteria states the presentation is to entertain as well as inform, therefore I would like to keep my presentation fairly relaxed and so a suit may be the wrong choice in this situation. Tuxedo A tuxedo in the style of the fictional character James Bond may help to keep the atmosphere light but still have a formal approach; it is relevant to my presentation as it is of a military nature. This choice brings a more balanced approach to a mixture of both formal but relaxed at the same time. Military uniform Dressing in a military camouflage style uniform may help to keep the atmosphere on an entertainment basis and gives me scope to perform my presentation in a more unique and unusual way. I have chosen to present my findings in the military uniform and will be the theme for my presentation. It brings the right combination of humour and formality and at the same time brings a variation from a typical presentation style. Props/Equipment that I will need for the presentation. There are various pieces of equipment that I will need in order to present my findings appropriately. I have chosen to present it with various visual aids to help create my military theme. The equipment I will need is listed below: * Over head projector * Television screen with video capacity * Music system (for the opening sounds) * Military costume How will I remember what to say? Throughout the presentation I may need small prompts in order to keep my line of thought. This is vital to giving a good presentation as it helps to keep the talk smooth. If I stutter then it can cause problems with the information being passed, people will lose interest and so the presentation will not succeed, therefore careful planning must be made and small prompt cards produced with possibly one word or even a sentence, the reason they must be kept to a minimum ensures the I will not read from the cards. My body language must show I know the talk and eye contact must be held with the audience; if this does not happen and reading of the speech occurs people will again lose interest. Who will be at my presentation? I have decided to control who will be in the room while I am conducting my presentation; my reason for doing this is because of the room layout designs shown above. By controlling who is in the room I can organise where people are sitting which is fairly important in my presentation as I hope to include the audience as much as possible. I have pre-selected certain people in the audience to interact with, although these people are unaware of this it will help to create a light atmosphere. The list of people who will be at my presentation are listed below: * Frances Brown * Megan Rule * Rina Bhakta * Emily Finney * Bob Comb * Craig Brady * Alex Morey * Chrissie Ayrton * Benjamin Kelly * Ruari Lumsden These are the ten people I have decided to invite to my presentation. I must produce formal invitations to make sure who I invite is there. The invitations How will they look? There are certain things that must be included in the invitations; these things will ensure people arrive promptly to the right place therefore various pieces of information will be included, these are shown below: * Time of presentation * Place * Subject These things must be included in the invitation. To ensure people arrive on time I will also include a short sentence asking them to be prompt. My Theme As shown above in the What will I wear section I will be wearing a military Uniform. This ties in with my decided theme that I will continue throughout the presentation. I have chosen to include a theme for the entertainment of the audience. My theme is a military briefing style presentation and I will give it in the same form as shown in many military based television programmes and movies such as Independence day. The reason I will do this is to create a unique and out of the ordinary presentation; by doing this people may enjoy it more and stay focused on the presentation.

Cultural Media Watch :: essays research papers

Cultural Media Watch A few common assumptions would offer some very general stereotypes which most Americans are probably subjected to each time they tune into their favorite program. The problem with making assumptions based on stereotypes, racism, and bias maybe considered two-fold. Of primary concern should obviously be the narrow-minded and over generalized prejudice which exists in mainstream media culture. Then, of only slightly less distress, would be the willingness of society to accept such demeaning norms. However, within the ‘high definition’ world of television, some prime-time shows are shattering overused typecasting. Although, some are not, also. For instance, one such common immoral stigma would be that only men of European heritage may hold positions of authority; at home and more importantly, in an office. Furthermore, African, Spanish-speaking, and other ethnic Americans will be depicted as second-class citizens. Additionally, women of all races may not hold any high positions of a profession as do their male co-stars. Luckily, most of these false accusations were proven wrong. For this analysis of television diversity, or lack there of, a look at the portrayal of African American men as in their position within a working environment, the dynamics of their family structure, and the overall social implications of such position(s) will be explored. Then, in reflection of the growing population of Spanish speaking people, a look at the near absence may reveal a certain ethnocentric standard of mainstream television. In such culturally dynamic shows as, The Cosby Show and The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Afro-American men held such high positions as judges, doctors, and lawyers. Although, these two shows are directly linked to such positive portrayals, that is, almost all characters of the show are Afro-American, they offer an enlightening depiction of ethnic justice. Besides, Euro-American dominated T.V. shows have conquered most major networks since the first picture tube was created. Also seen on these were other non-white characters whom hold an array of savvy jobs and social ranks. As an example, last week, on The Cosby Show, an African-American and a Spanish-American woman sat side by side with a panel of aristocrats while debating about some common social topics, namely women’s liberation. As the show progressed both women seemed to be disregarded through most of the program. However, the show ended when both women eventually became fed-up with the insulting arrogance of their male-coun terparts and verbally reprimanded their ignorance and specifically pointed to such behavior as to why women have become so imbued to eradicate their years oppression.

Naxalism Essay

One of the largest internal security threats that the government of India faces today is Naxalism. 1Recent reports show that naxalist movements have spread to as many as 22 states across India, including states such as Gujarat, Punjab, Delhi and Uttarakhand that were earlier known not to have any links to naxalism and as many as 39 Left-wing extremist groups are currently operating in the country with a combined membership of more than a lakh. The naxalite-armed movement is based on the Maoist ideology, which is mobilizing large parts of rural populations to revolt against established institutions by engaging in guerilla warfare. The Naxalite’s use of arm and ammunition against the state and central security forces has challenged the very principles of the state, which are sovereignty and the sole control on use of power. In light of this the research paper aims to explain that how Naxalism has proved to be a challenge to the state of India and how the Indian government is try ing to overcome this challenge. (2) According to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Naxalism remains the biggest internal security challenge and it is imperative to control left-wing extremism for the country’s growth. These lines by the Prime Minister itself explains that how Naxalism is a serious challenge to India. The terms Naxalites or Maoists are used to refer to militant far-left radical Communist groups operating in India. They are inspired by the doctrines of Mao Zedong who believed that Naxalites should work to overthrow the government and upper classes by violence. The start of Naxalism can be traced back from a period when the Mughals used to rule the country but originally it (3) started from Naxalbari area in West Bengal in 1967 and since then has spread to the rural areas in central and eastern India, ostensibly to champion the cause of small farmers and tribals through violence but was wiped out in 1970. It soon became out of fashion in its homeland West Bengal. But the underground operations of the outfit continued. The Naxal Management Division of the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) describes the (4) objectives of Naxalites as destroying â€Å"the State legitimacy, and to create a mass base, with certain degree of acceptability, with the ultimate object of attaining political power by violent means.† The MHA has also stated that Naxalites attach themselves to various organizations and societies on issues such as displacement, land reforms and acquisition where they can increase their mass support. (5) They have been named as a terrorist organization according to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India, 1967. Naxalites since long have been challenging the central and the state government on various fronts. The naxalites have been attacking police establishments and infrastructures such as public transportation, national buildings, which has caused insecurity and instability in the entire area. (6) From the period 2006-2012, there were nearly 12,000 incidents with Naxalites in which 4,000 civilians killed. The Naxalites have been spotted active in approximately 40 percent of India’s geographical area. (7) They control large portions of remote and densely forested areas and are concentrated in an area called â€Å"Red Corridor†. This area is also the tribal belt where the tension between economic development and aboriginal land rights is most apparent. The Naxalists have shown activity in recent times in regions such as Darbha Valley, Chattisgarh that has led to several deaths of civilians and security-personnel. Naxalism affects the nation at various stages. It affects severa l macroeconomic factors such as reduction in per capita GDP growth, higher inflation rates, lower tax revenues, higher expenditure on defense at the cost of expenditure on education and health and lower exports, reduced bilateral trade flows and reduced foreign direct investment inflows. The Indian Government has adopted various policies and various steps in an attempt to tackle the problem of naxalism. The India Home Minister P Chidambaram has declared that the security forces need to be more assertive against the Maoists. However, this is only one part of the solution. An examination of the reasons behind the Naxalite movement indicate that military force on its own will not be enough to counter India’s biggest security. So various other approaches like 8A Task Force on inter-State coordination headed by Special Secretary, Internal Security, an  Inter Ministerial Group in the Ministry of Home Affairs to review the implementation of development programmes in Naxalite affected areas, a high-level Task Force under Cabinet Secretary have been formed for promoting coordinated efforts across a range of development and security measures. These institutional mechanisms, and the interactions that have taken place, have eventually helped to generate a degree of consensus among the States about the need to pursue a coordinated strategy. In an attempt to deal with this decades old problem, it has been felt appropriate, after various high-level deliberations and interactions with the State Governments concerned, that an integrated approach aimed at the relatively more affected areas would give surer results. 9With this in view, a detailed analysis of the spread and trends in respect of naxalite violence has been made and 34 affected districts in 8 States have been taken up for special attention on planning, implementation and monitoring of development schemes. Within these 34 districts, 8 most affected districts in 4 States, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Orissa, have been taken up for implementation of integrated security and development action plans, an approach that can be replicated in other affected districts also. Focused attention is also being provided in meeting the security deficits in these districts, in terms of employment of infrastructure, police deployment, weaponry, equipment, etc. The concerned ministries are also taking necessary steps. The Telangana movement of the 1940’s was what started the Naxali movement and more importantly the revolt in 1967 in Naxalbari have created a political movement in India that is deep-rooted firmly and cannot be swept away easily. The state has been dealing with the problem of naxalism for the past 40 years and if it doesn’t change the way it handles naxalism then the problem of naxalism will carry on for coming few decades. The record of the past four decades shows clearly that an approach that is almost exclusively based on force and suppression is not able to destroy the movement. Even a situation like in 1971 where the state was able to curb the challengers with a hard hand and almost destroyed the movement, cannot be repeated today as it is entrenched too deeply within India’s socio-political sphere of the affected areas. The state is at war with itself but this war cannot be won by the use of military. It will carry on to be a part of Indian politics and   society, as long the state does not acknowledge the fact that why these movements are not coming to an end. The government seriously needs to find a permanent solution. The proposal of developing the remote areas will further worsen the situation, as it is not what the Naxalis demand. Therefore the state must start to fight the conflict legally, minimize collateral damage, strengthen the leadership of the security forces and abstain from any human rights violation. The security forces should start protecting the population living within the area of conflict instead of merely confronting the Maoists on large scale. The Naxalite movement must be challenged politically by presenting better alternatives to the Maoist approach and should offer new perspectives. In this regard the state should start addressing the basic needs of the poor and fulfilling its main responsibilities to deliver human development to these disadvantaged areas. But also the possibility of the Naxalites achieving their aims must be questioned. Indeed they were able to spread all over the country and constitute a big challenge but the persisting military tie makes it illusionary for the Maoists to seize state power within the foreseeable future. †¨Their advantage is that they put issues on th e public agenda, which were being ignored, and that they gave people a voice that was neglected. Today they are a part of the public discourse. I am in favor of the approach used by the naxalis as they are the minorities and it would have been unlikely for the movement to achieve similar results if it would have followed a non-violent approach, as they would have lacked publicity. Many people within the Indian society have sympathy for the root cause that the Maoists are fighting for, however the fewest agree on the violent way of struggle. The execution of brutal violence and attacks on civilians, such as the recent one where the Naxalis 10triggered a landmine blast in a forest area on the Maharashtra-Chhattisgarh border in the wee hours on Thursday, which eventually led to the killing of at least three police commandoes. Without a second thought Naxalism is a serious threat to the Indian state. The Naxalite movement is an indication of the failure of the Indian state to provide human development for its citizens. Naxalism does not only threaten the flow of foreign direct investments but could destabilize the whole politica l order as many citizens lose their faith in the state and therefore its legitimacy is challenged. India, which is on its way to become one of  the superpower on the international level, needs to tackle its internal problems urgently. BIBLIOGRAPHY: – Website articles 1. Amitabh Sinha: New Delhi, July 3, Fri Jul 04 2008, 23:18 hrs. 2. Deccan Herald, May 24. 3. Ritesh K Srivastava, reporting for zee news (October 17 2013) 4. Press release by government of India, Naxal problem needs a holistic approach (22 july 2009). 5. Article by Naxal Management Division, a part of the home ministry of India on Naxals. Books: – 1. Red Sun by Sudeep Chakravarti (Penguin books Company) 2. The Naxalites and their Ideologies by Rabindra Ray, Third edition (Oxford India Paperbacks) Primary Source: – 1. Red Sun by Sudeep Chakravarti (Penguin books Company)

How Society and Culture Affect Friendship Essay

How society and Culture affect Friends and Social Activities The ‘social’ is an important concept to know to understand this topic. It is the totality of explanations describing how people interact and make meanings of their experiences. Culture, as should be known, is Shared, transmitted, learned, adaptive etc. Different cultures promote different relationships and can either hinder or encourage certain activities among its people. Friends that people make will differ based on their cultural views and belief. Example: Jamaica’s motto â€Å"Out of Many, One people† This implicates unity within our culture. Regardless of colour, religious belief or ethnicity people make friends and partake in the pretty much the same activities. Going to the movies, going to dances, parties, clubs, bars etc. While  In a country like Trinidad with segregated culture, you have people of different races separate and apart from each other. Religious backgrounds (whether Hindu or Christian) can form who you choose to be your friend and some activities are labelled generally white, or generally black, or generally Indian rather than having equilibrium between all races. Society – This is known sociologically as a group of people related to each other through persistent relations (usually sharing the same geographical location) Society has norms which is expected behaviour of each individual, thus it is an important factor in your activities and friend choice. It must be societally acceptable else you may be labelled deviant. Your general upbringing and status/class usually shapes who you make friends with. Example: People from ‘Uptown’ tend to make friends with those of a similar background, or financial status as them. Similarly people of limited means stick together and form friendships. However there are some exceptions, especially in more open society of today where there are friendships formed across classes due to similarity in personality or social activities. Society is more likely to expect that people from higher classes would partake in activities like theatre and go to exclusive parties. It is seen where today, especially in Jamaica, regardless of status, social activities are open to any and everyone.

Outline and assess the different roles Australian women played in World War 2 Essay Example

Outline and assess the different roles Australian women played in World War 2 Essay Example Outline and assess the different roles Australian women played in World War 2 Essay Outline and assess the different roles Australian women played in World War 2 Essay Essay Topic: Girl in Translation The Second World War bought significant changes to womens roles in Australias society. By working in munition factories or serving in auxiliary forces etc, women were able to make a greater contribution to the war effort, than they had during the First World War.These women of the 1940s went from domestic roles to active service and war related work, as well as this work bringing changes to womens roles, women also found financial independence and freedom that was thought of as a huge benefit. While most women returned to domestic roles after the war, women did stay on in some areas of work such as on trams, bus driving and postal work.In my essay I will outline and assess the significant roles Australian women played and the main contributions they made to the Second World War.One of the most important roles that women played in World War 2 were jobs previously done by men.Robert Engwerda states that:For the first time women entered a range of occupations that were traditionally con sidered to be carried out by men: Tram conductors, bread carters, bus and taxi drivers, to mention but a few.(Engwerda, 1999, pg 210)It wasnt till the invasion of Australia was feared, that the government came to rely on the contribution of women. The huge increase in employment of women threatened some trade unions as women took on jobs such as postal work and metre readers, but they came to realise that mens labour needed to be freed for active service and war related work.It was not only postal work that women were involved in during World War 2, increasing numbers of women were found in factories and steel mills.Women working in industry took on the huge role of mechanical work such as material production (making weapons).In 1943 the number of women employed in such work jumped from 1000 to 145000.(Darlington Hospodaryk, 1999, pg 104)These women worked hard at their job but didnt get any where near as much money as men did.As one woman put it:It was hard work and boring too. We worked for long hours and it was dirty and very, very noisy. We were always tired.(Coup, 1998,pg 109)While in cities women were found in factories and steel mills, the women from rural areas took on shearing, dairying, crop planting and harvesting.From early in the war there were land armies formed to boost agricultural production.Over 3000 women joined the Australian Womens Land Army (AWLA). They worked full time helping farmers with whatever work needed doing. The Government arranged for them to grow food for Australian and American troops, they didnt have the machines they needed to grow too much food and harvest it quickly. Land Army girls were frequently sent to work and live in bush camps in remote areas; they were moved after a certain period of time depending on how much they were needed. Despite the fact that Women in the Land Army were separated from their families, they felt they were better off than most.In Esme Corcorans story, she states:We girls in the Land Army were better off than most other people as all our work clothes are provided. Also, because I was on a farm I had plenty of butter, milk, eggs and meat, so I was able to send my ration coupons down to my mother.(Cotter Engwerda, 1999, pg 211)As well as serving in the Australian Womens Land Army (AWLA), around the same time womens Auxiliary forces of the Army, Navy and Air Force were formed, but these services were more military based.The contribution of women to these services was thought of as a vital role in the war effort.Over 18000 women joined the Australian Womens Army Service (AWAS); Over 16000 joined the Womens Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF) and around 1400 in the Womens Royal Australian Navy Service (WRANS). About 500 of the women who joined the Army went to New Guinea and the rest stayed In Australia.The work women did were things like back-up work for the army, plane spotting and were trained in transport, communication and maintenance. They were also trained in comba t, in case Australia was invaded.When the women first signed up to the army, they werent treated very well.They hated usthey didnt want a Womens Army.In training, we had no uniforms, only the long winter coats.The instructors were not happy about our assignment.(Frieda Helen Simon, discovery.com/area/freshhistory/fresh1.4.html pg 1-2).The Womens Royal Australian Navy Service (WRANS) had similar roles to those in the AWAS.Women worked as transport drivers, dental mechanics, telegraphists, typists, cooks, supply assistants, translation interpreters and much more.The Navy also formed nursing services but these were much smaller organizations.The last branch of services that was considered a vital role in World War 2 was the Womens Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF).These women were trained and taught jungle and ocean survival.The terrain, climate, lack of civilisation and most of all the bestiality of the enemy, are all taken into account in the training.(Eshuy, et.al. 1996, pg 229 )By doing postal work, working in factories or serving in Auxiliary forces, Australian women certainly developed a strong respect for their achievements but it was also the contribution of the 78000 women that enlisted in either the Australian Army Medical Womens Service (AAMWS), The Australian Army Nursing Service, RAAF Nursing Service or the Voluntary Aid Detachments, that made Australia proud.Women served in the Armed forces in World War 2 but only the nurses served in combat areas.These women would have undertaken the most gruelling roles and would have suffered the hardships of the war along with the men that were fighting.Countless women served in all branches of the service, and relieved or replaced men from combat duties. They earned the respect of their fellow soldiers as they sloughed through mud, lived in tents, dived into foxholes and dugouts during horrendous air raids.(http://userpages.aug.com/captbarb/femvets.5.html pg 2)Not only were there hard working nurses, some women voluntarily undertook nursing because they thought it was a vital role they could play.There were orgainsations formed that were especially for women who were prepared to volunteer for war related work such as: Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES).R.S Dowling writes:These young Australian Women have voluntarily undertaken one of the most gruelling, and certainly most horrendous tasks open to RAAF Nursing ServiceThey are referred to as Flying Angels, Angels of Mercy or Ministering Angels.(Eshuys, et.al. 1996, pg 229)All these roles women played in World War 2 were extremely important, because there would have been a huge lack of men fighting for Australia.The Government denied womens involvement in World War 1 but in World War 2 they relied heavily on their contribution.All those nurses that provided medical care for the wounded straight away states the importance of women in war.But it wasnt only nurses, it was also very important to have women in communicati on and signalling also in factories making weapons for use in the war.Womens roles in the 1940s were underestimated enormously by Australias society but as this essay shows each and every role that was played by the women of Australia was vital, but the most significant included, all the nurses that provided help to the wounded and the skills they learnt that saved the lives of many men of Australia.

Short Writing and Discussion Topics for ESL

Short Writing and Discussion Topics for ESL The idea of this exercise is to get students to quickly write about a topic they choose (or you assign). These short presentations are then used in two manners; to generate spontaneous conversations on a wide range of topics, and to take a look at some common writing problems. Aim: Working on common writing mistakes - generating conversation Activity: Short intensive writing exercise followed by a discussion Level: Intermediate to upper-intermediate Outline Variation 1: Tell students that they will have exactly five minutes (reduce or extend the writing time as you feel is appropriate) to write about a subject on the list that you are going to give them.Variation 2: Cut the list of topics into strips and hand a different topic to each student. Tell students that they will have exactly five minutes (reduce or extend the writing time as you feel is appropriate) to write about the topic you have given them.Explain that students shouldnt worry about their writing style, but, rather, they should focus on quickly writing down their feelings about the topic they have chosen (or you have assigned).Have each student read what he or she has written to the class. Ask the other students to write down two questions based on what they hear.Have the other students ask questions about what they have heard.During the course of this exercise, take notes on common mistakes that occur in student writings.At the close of this exercise, discuss the common mi stakes you have taken not of with the students. In this manner, no student feels singled out and all students benefit from learning about typical writing mistakes. Writing Storms The best thing to happen to me today The worst thing to happen to me today Something funny that happened to me this week What I really hate! What I really like! My favorite thing A surprise I had A landscape A building A monument A museum A memory from childhood My best friend My boss What is friendship? A problem I have My favorite TV show My son My daughter My favorite grandparent

Talent Management Strategy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Talent Management Strategy - Research Paper Example This paper will therefore analyse a talent management strategy that links an organization’s goals to talent management strategy in order to gain a competitive edge over rival organisations. The first step in coming up with a talent management strategy is to access the business environment and come up with the important issues that affect the performance of a business both in the long run and in the short run. Strategic context of talent management First, is the visionary aspect of the organisation where it will be concerned with trend spotting; here an organisation scans the environment it is operating in to identify the trends in social, economical and technological activity. In visionary aspect, a company will weigh its effectiveness in translating academic and technical research to business ideas that will give it a competitive edge over its rivals. The explorer aspect of the business involves identifying products for potential growth and markets that are unexploited, in ad dition, the organisation identifies other organisations with which it can collaborate with in order to increase the volume of its business. The third aspect that organisations can capitalise on is the builder aspect; this involves managing customers’ feedback and determining their preferences. In addition, it will entail developing the products of the organization and adopting the appropriate pricing and advertising mechanisms, the distribution mix, which ensures maximum customer satisfaction, will be evaluated. The lobbyist aspect will involve maintaining a good corporate image with the key stakeholders, presenting the organisations interests within the political environment and lobbying for favourable operating conditions with the regulating bodies. The architect aspect involves recognising technological developments that can be relevant in operations of the organisation, implementing those developments to ensure improved processes and systems. In addition, it oversees plan ning and implementing of major changes in the organisation structure and practise (Dejoux & The?venet, 2011). Trouble shooter aspect will involve measuring of the corporate activity to be able to identify problems, refocus of an organisations operations for them to be in line with its core aim and tackling problem with high cost operations that have low value hence increasing the productivity of the organisation. The regulator aspect will ensure development of relevant indicators that will be used to monitor and control business activity within the organization, in addition, it ensures the development of standard procedures of operation in order to improve process efficiency and standardisation, establishing financial discipline throughout the organisations activities will also be a part of the regulator aspect. The integrator aspect will ensure the continuous process of improving the employees’ capabilities, it will also be responsible for the continuation and upholding of t he business values and ethics. In addition, integrator aspect is responsible for sharing of information, resources and knowledge throughout the organisation. Key components of talent management For an organisation to capitalise on the above aspects, it will require that talent within its employees or externally be identified, the process of identification of talent will be done

Aviation Human Factors Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Aviation Human Factors - Case Study Example It is designed to be fixed on all aircrafts with a maximum take-off weight of over 5,700 kg or those authorized to carry above nineteen passengers. The implementation of Traffic Collision Avoidance System added a safety barrier in preventing mid-air collisions (Dumitrache, 2013). The innovation was made after the Grand Canyon mid-air collision that occurred in 1956 and led spurred aviation authorities into action. In the accident, a United Airlines Douglas DC-7 hit a Trans World Airlines Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation and killing all the 128 passengers on board both flights. The innovation still required further study, training, refinements and regulatory measures because of the limitations of the Traffic Collision Avoidance System. Furthermore, misuse of the same innovation resulted in other fatal incidents and accidents. Inadequate training and poor coordination among pilots has led to low effectiveness of the Traffic Collision Avoidance System. For instance, the Uberlingen mid-air collision has been blamed on The Tupelov pilot’s failure to follow their TCAS RA and the Boeing pilot’s failure to follow the ATC instruction (Wickens, 1998). The problem presents an important gap that can only be bridged by more training and more refinements coupled with improved research. Advantages. Using Air Traffic Control is particularly resourceful in aiding the decision of the pilot and the direction of the aircraft’s maneuver. According to Wickens (1998) it allows the pilot to make the most logical decision using the two guidelines. Disadvantages. Pilots are expected to respond to the RA immediately unless that action would jeopardize the safety of the flight. This rule means that pilots can maneuver against ATC instructions or disregard the instructions altogether (Dumitrache, 2013). Furthermore, the ATC instructions could be contradictory to the